1 (國防科技大學 計算機學院計算機科學與技術系,湖南長沙 410073)
2 (國防科技大學 計算機學院并行與分布處理國防科技重點實驗室,湖南 長沙 410073)
摘 要: SoS、ULS系統的出現給傳統的需求工程方法帶來了前所未有的挑戰。其中，最主要的三大挑戰分別是，系統跨組織導致需求的多樣、沖突和重疊，構建的系統是全新的因而缺乏現成參照物，系統構建的周期長導致系統構建目標動態變化。本文在分析了需求工程領域的研究現狀后，提出了基于能力的需求分析方法。該方法以能力為核心概念，以一個統一的視角從系統的戰略層次描述系統需求，并對其進行建模和分析。本文首先結合案例—全民醫療保障系統，說明了我們面對的三大挑戰，然后介紹了基于能力的需求建模的元模型、圖形化建模語言CRML，以及結構化分析方法和相應分析策略，最后使用基于能力的需求分析方法對案例進行了分析。案例研究表明，基于能力的需求分析方法有助于應對傳統需求工程方法所面臨的主要挑戰。
關鍵詞: 三
中圖法分類號: TP311 文獻標識碼: A
Capability-based Requirement Analysis Approach
HUANG Yu-Shi1, YAN Hui-Ning2
1(Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Computer Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China)
2(National Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing, School of Computer Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China)
E-mail:yellowtimes36@gmail.com
Abstract: The emergence of SoS and ULS system poses great challenges to the traditional requirement engineering approaches, among which the uppermost three challenges are as follows. Firstly, systems involve different organizations, resulting in the diversity, conflicts and overlapping of requirements. Secondly, systems to be constructed are entirely new and lack existing counterparts. Lastly, systems to be constructed have long life cycles and the dynamic constructing goals. After analyzing the existing researches, we propose a new capability-based requirement analysis approach. The newly proposed approach takes capability as the core concept, describes and models the system requirements in terms of a uniform view and from a strategy level of the system. In this paper, we firstly use Health Insurance System as a case to show these three challenges. Then, we introduce the meta-model, capability-based requirement modeling language and structural analysis approach. At last, we use this case to illustrate the applying of the proposed approach. The case study shows that capability-based requirement analysis approach is helpful to solve the posed challenges.
Key words: capability; requirement engineering; capability-based requirement analysis approach
作者簡介
黃與時 湖南省長沙市國防科技大學計算機學院學員六隊
